An Evaluation of Morphological Productivity in Nigerian Youth Slang: A Case Study of Instagram Captions
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Background of the Study
In the digital age, Nigerian youth are at the forefront of linguistic innovation, particularly evident in the development of slang on social media platforms like Instagram. Morphological productivity in youth slang refers to the creative formation of new words and expressions that often diverge from conventional language norms (Eze, 2023). Instagram captions, with their brevity and immediacy, offer a fertile ground for observing such morphological adaptations. These linguistic innovations include novel affixations, blends, and abbreviations that capture the dynamic socio-cultural identities of Nigerian youth. The study examines how these morphological processes are not only a reflection of contemporary urban culture but also a means of negotiating identity, resistance, and belonging among young Nigerians (Ibrahim, 2024). Furthermore, the research considers the impact of globalization and digital connectivity on the evolution of these linguistic forms. It investigates whether the rapid exchange of ideas on social media platforms accelerates morphological change, and how such changes compare with traditional language structures (Okoro, 2025). This comprehensive analysis aims to bridge the gap between theoretical linguistic frameworks and the lived experiences of Nigerian youth, offering insights into the broader implications of digital communication on language evolution.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the evident creativity in Nigerian youth slang on Instagram, there is limited scholarly work on its morphological productivity. Many studies focus on standard language forms, leaving a gap in understanding how new word formations emerge in informal digital communication (Eze, 2023). This lack of systematic analysis hampers our comprehension of how youth negotiate identity and cultural expression through language. Furthermore, the rapid evolution of slang presents challenges in documenting and standardizing linguistic features, making it difficult for educators and linguists to integrate these forms into broader linguistic models (Ibrahim, 2024). Addressing this gap is essential for capturing the dynamic nature of language in the digital era and for recognizing the linguistic ingenuity of Nigerian youth (Okoro, 2025).
Objectives of the Study:
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To document and analyze morphological innovations in Nigerian youth slang on Instagram.
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To assess the processes contributing to the creation of new lexical items.
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To evaluate the social and cultural implications of these linguistic changes.
Research Questions:
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What morphological processes are evident in Nigerian youth slang on Instagram?
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How do digital platforms influence the creation of new lexical forms?
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What are the cultural implications of these morphological innovations?
Significance of the Study
This study is significant as it explores the dynamic nature of language innovation among Nigerian youth on digital platforms. By examining morphological productivity in Instagram captions, the research highlights the interplay between digital communication and linguistic creativity. The findings offer valuable insights for linguists, educators, and cultural analysts interested in the evolution of contemporary slang, supporting broader discussions on language change in the digital era (Ibrahim, 2024).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study is limited to examining Nigerian youth slang as seen in Instagram captions. It does not consider other social media platforms or offline linguistic practices. Data are drawn from selected Instagram posts.
Definitions of Terms:
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Morphological Productivity: The ability to create new words and forms through linguistic processes.
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Youth Slang: Informal language and expressions used predominantly by young people.
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Instagram Captions: Text accompanying photos on Instagram, often reflecting informal and creative language use.
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